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-(No Model.)

, M. J. TODD.

PLOW. No. 374,565.

3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

vPatent'ed Dec. 6, 1887.

.Il im! ll M. J. TODD.

PLOW.

Patented Deo. 6, 1887.

3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

3A Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.) Y

AM. 'J. TODD.

PLOW.

Patented'Dec. 6, 1887.

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UNITED STATES MARQUIS J. TODD, OF OORNING, NEW YORK.

PLOW.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 374,565, dated December6', 1887'.

Application filed April 25, 1887. Serial No. 236,248. No model.)

ing had therein to thev accompanying draw-- ings.

This invention pertains to certain new and useful improvements in plows;and it consists 1n the detailed construction, combination, and

arrangement of the parts, substantially as hereinafter fully set forth,and particularly 'pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a View in side elevation of myinvention,with

-. one of the side plates of the landside removed.

Fig. 2 is a rear view thereof. Figs. 3 and 4 are enlarged detail viewsof the two-part crotch and retaining mechanism. Fig. 5is anenlargeddetailplan view ofthe clevis,embody ing a modification thereof.Fig. .6 is a view of a modification of my crotch. Fig. 7 is a crosssectional view on the line x x, Fig. l.

t Fig. Sis another' enlarged view of the crotch.

Fig. 9 is a detail view showing the pivotal bearing for the plow-point,and Fig. 10 is a detail view of thejointer-plate.

The object of this invention is to provide a plow whereby the mold-boardand the plowpoint, together with the jointer, may be used for either aright or left hand plow, according to the side of the landside and theshoe on which the mold-board is placed, and to provide a crotch ofpeculiar formation which can be pivotally secured on the same rod astheplow-point head, and by means of which the mold-board can be held at thesame relative position on either side of the landside, notwithstandingthe fact that the pivotal bearing of the crotch is not on the samehorizontal plane with the plow-point or head.

In the organization of my invention I provide a forwardly-projectingplow-beam, A, which at its rear endis curved into a vertical portion, a,the lower end of which is again curved and projected forwardly in underthe beam A, forming a slice, c. To the forward end of this vshoe issecured (or it may be integral therewith) the lower end of a verticalbar, a, of an inclined frame, b, the rear vertical bar, a2, thereofbeing. secured on the upper portion of the shoe near its rear end.

B is a hollow tube or rod passed on an ineline through an aperture inthe lower end of the vertical portion a of the beam and extendingthrough a similar aperture in the bar a2 of the frame b, from whichpoint'it is narrowed, and is extended over the upper surface of the shoeand through the forward vertical bar, a, of said framing. The projectingendof said rod has a small collar iitted thereon, the purpose of whichwill appear farther on.

Ois the reversible mold-board,to the forward which and the end of themo1d-board is fitted a plow-point, b. The under or outer side of thisplow-point head b is so formed that when the under side thereof is,together with the plow-point, penetrating the earth, the othercorrespondingly-shaped side is in a vertical position, which serves as alandside, in connection with the shoe a and the landside proper, whichconsists of .a metallic plate, a3, secured on either side of the frameb, one of .6 5 end of which is connected by suitable means the rearvertical wall of a hollow head, b',over

which plates being shown in Fig. 1. If desired, the frame andlandside-plates can loe made integral, and also the shoe of the beam.The projecting end of the tube or rod B, above referred to, is passedthrough an aperture formed in the rear wall of the plow-point head b',after which the collar is secured on said end of rod, so as to retainthe same in position. This tube or rod forms the pivotal bearing for theplow-point head, the point proper, and the mold-board, all of said partsbeing rigidly secured to each other. j

As heretofore constructed, reversible plows board is attached pivotallysecured at the lower heel end of the plow-beam, which must of necessitybe on the same horizontal plane.

usually have the crotch to which the moldits inner surface removed forfitting a twoarmed V-shaped part or member, d, which is pivoted at itslower convergent end to thelong arm or member d, and its projecting armsare rigidly secured to the under side ofthe moldboard. The part ormember d is of approximately V shape, having its ends slightly extendedand its upper central portion curved, as shown. The upper end of thelong arm` or member projects slightly above this curved portion, and hasa finger or pivot, e, rigidly secured to said end and projecting overVsaid curved portion, and entering or working in a slot, e', formed inone end of asliding arm or bar, E, which is pivoted near said end to thecenter of the V-shapedpart or member f1', near the upper curved portionthereof. This sliding arm or bar E has a groove, e, formed in its frontface, terminating in a small aperture or recess, e2, at its other end.In this groove e of the sliding arm projects a stationary finger, f,through the center of which is passed a sliding or movable finger, f',the forward end of which is widened, as atf, and has agroove or socketformed in its under surface for reccption of a curved or ball-like end,g, of a lever, G. This lever is fulcrumed on a small rod bearing at itsends in apertures formed in corresponding projecting cheeks or plates gof the frame b,as shown in Fig. 1, and to the upper shorter arm of thislever is secured one end of a spring, g", which bears against the rearbar of said frame, as shown in Fig. 3.

To the rear end of the tube or rod B is rigidly secured a toothed cam,h, with which engages thelower widened toothedend of alever, H,fulcrumed on the rear side of t-he vertical portion a of the plow-beamon a horizontallydisposed rod, L. This lever is provided witha'retaining-pawl, h', which engages with a segmental rack, h, bolted tothe upper rear end of the plow-beam, and said pawl is fitted to slide inapertured lugs projecting from one side of the lever H, and to said pawlis applied a spring, h", arranged between said lugs to automaticallyhold it in engagement with said rack h. In order to eect thedisengagement of the pawl from its said rack as the lever H is graspedfor manipulation it is connected by a rod, i, to a supplementary lever,i', pivoted to the leverH, and to this rod or wire is rigidly secured asmall rod or finger, i2, passed through and working in a slot in thelever H. To the i out-er end of this rod or finger is connected one endof a rod, J, passed through eyes on the rear side of the lever H anddown to and through the central aperture in the tube or rod B, fromwhich it passes at j, and is connected to the lower end of the lever G,to which end is also connected a small thin rod, j', projecting at itsthickened forward dog-like end through an aperture in the front verticalbar of the frame b, where it is designed to enter slots 0r aperturesformed in the rear of the plow-point head for securing the same togetherwith the plow-point and mold-board on either side of the shoe orlandside.

To the forward end of the plow-beam is connected the self-adjustingclevis K, which consists of a pivoted post, k, secured between aperturedhorizontal plates on the forward end of the plow-beam and anapproximately oblong bar or plate, k', having projecting apertured ears,through which and a corresponding aperture in the post k is passed anordinary securing-pin. The bar or plate k has an aperture, k, extendingits full length, and in this aperture works the rear frame-like end ofa.

.hook, la, having a vertically-disposed frictional roll bearing againstthe innersurface of the bar, and to this hook is connected, in practice,the whifetree of the horses harness. Suitable stops, ZZ, aredisposed inthe aperture k", for regulating the extent of the lateral movement ofthe hook, said stops being retained at the desired point by means ofset-screws.

To the lower end ofthe pivoted post is secured a preferably looped crankor cam, l', projecting rearward, and into said loop projects the forwarddownwardly-bent end of the horizontally -disposed wire rod L, which ispassed through eyelets on the under side of the plow-beam, and afterbeing passed through an aperture in the rcar portion of said plowbeam isrigidly secured to and forms the fulcrum-for the lever H.

The object of providing the bar or plate of the clevis with an aperturewherein the hook slides isl to permit the clevis to automatically adjustitself to the rightand left of the center of the beam, thus throwingtheline of draft to either side of said beam,whereby the desired amountof draft to or from the land is obtained, so that when the mold-boardand plow-point are reversed the clevis will be automatically adjustedthrough the agency of the pivoted post, causing the hook to slide to andabut againstthe opposite stop to that against which it was formerlybearing, said stops having inclined sides'to correspond with the sidesof the frame of the hook, as shown.

It will be seen in Fig. 5 that I have connected a small hand-lever, m,tothe upper projecting end of the apertured post 7c, so as to permit theclevis to be used on a hand-plow, the construction herein describedbeing intended, preferably, for a sulky-plow.

N is the reversible diamond-shaped jointer, symmetrical on both sides ofits center line, and is secured at its center by an ordinary bolt to athickened plate, n, fast to the lower forward end of a shaft or rod, n',which is passed into a slightly larger tube or cylinder, n,whereiu it isretained by means of asetscrew, n", as will appear farther on. Thethickened plate n has an upwardly-projecting apertured arm, o, throughwhich is passed a bolt, o', also passed through an aperture in thecorresponding part of the jointer for the more secure retention thereof.

The object of making the jointer diamondshaped is, that when one pointhas become uscless by reason of wear,by removing the bolt o',

Io L.

the jointer-points can be reversed by turning the same on its centralpivotal bolt, after which the rear point is also secured by means of thebolt o.

rlfhe tube or cylinder a, above referred to, is passed through anaperture in or adjoining the vertex of an approximately Vshaped frame,P,- secured at its ends to the plow-beam, but in such manner as not tointerfere with the rod Immediately adjoining an overlapping lug, p, ofone of the sides of the V-shaped frame is secured on the tube orcylinder a" a collar,

. p', having a forwardly-projecting crank-like bar or finger', p, in ashort aperture of which works the lower ball-like end of a projectingarm, Q, of the rod L.- It will be seen that by means of the set-screw n2working in the Vouter tube or cylinder the inner shaft or rod 'can 'beadj usted at any point, as may be necessary for zo the relative positionof the jointer and plowpoint.

By reason of formation of my joiuter of diamond shape, the same iscapable of not only cutting on the right or left hand side, according tothe position given the plow-point and the mold-board, but when theselower opposite edges become worn, as they do in the course of time,the'jointer can be turned, as stated, on its central securing-bolt byremoving the upper bolt, which is replaced when the lower worn portiontakes the place of the sharpened edges, which continue the cuttingoperation on the right or left hand, as before. j Thus it will be seenthat my jointer has'four 3 5 cutting-ed ges, two of which-arc alwayscapable of use ou the right or left hand side, as may be desired, theother two being similarly usedy when the former become worn. In Fig. 6 Ihave shown a modified form of 4o my crotch, 4which consists in providinga curved toothed bar, M, secured to the V-shaped part or member, andwith which engages a small pinion or toothed wheel, M', on the long armor member, as shown, and when this form of construction is employedthe-sliding arm or bar is dispensed with.

From what has gone before it will be seen that when it is desired toreverse the plowpointand mol d-board,together with thej ointer,

5o the same is effected by grasping the upper handled end of the lever Hand the supplementary lever i', which will free the pawl from the rack,and by moving the lever H toward either side the same will turn thetoothed cam, which will 5 5 cause the tube or rod B to revolve, prior towhich, however, the grasping of the supplenientary lever will pull onthe rod J, pulling rearwardly on the lower end of the lever G, causingthe sliding finger to be removed from 6o the aperture in thesliding baror arm, and at the same time the withdrawal of the dog-like end of therod j from the recess in the rear side of the plow-point head. Afterthis, by moving said lever H, as above intimated, the

tube or rod B, on which the plow-point head is pivoted, together withthe plow-point and mold-board, will be reversed; and this bar is rigidlyheld in position.

being accomplished,'upon freeing the hold on the levers, the pawl willengage with the teeth ofthe rack, the lower end of the lever G will moveforward by reason of its spring,- and the sliding finger will enter therecess of the sliding arm or bar, and the dog-like end of therod j willpass into the corresponding slot or recess of the plow-point head, thussecurely retaining the same in position.

Upon moving t-he lever H, as above de tailed, the rod L, upon which saidlever is fulcrumed,e ffected the movement of the arm Q, Which,throughthe agency of its ball-like e'nd and the crank bar or ingerp"of thecollar p', caused the reversal of the jointer N, and the outer end ofthe said rod L moved within the crank or cam of the pivoted post 7c,which affected the turning of the latter and the automatic shifting ofthe clevis to correspond with the position occupied-by the plow-pointand mold-board, which is a desideratum in this class of inventions.

I will now proceedv to more minutely de-v scribe the operation ,of thecrotch.

When the lever Hwas moved as above detailed, causing the tube or rod Bto revolve, the long arm or member d ofthe crotch,being fast on saidrod, turned therewith, and by reason of its pivoted bearing being abovethatl of the plow-point and mold-board the same acquired a movementslightly in advance of the V-shaped-part or member d of said crotch,which being connected tothe mold-board gave to the latter the samerelative position to the shoe and -landside as it bore before beingmoved. Vhen-thecrotch is moved, the'onter yroo end'of the'slidiug'arm orbar movesslightly outward, thence downward, and makes about aquarter-revolution, and is then drawn upward and forward with theV-shaped part until f the sliding finger is permitted t'o enter theaperturel in its free end, whereupon the arm or l. As an'improvement inplows of the class herein described, the plow-beam comprising the upperforwardly-projecting portion, the vertical connecting portion, the shoeprojecting forwardly in under the said upper projecting portion, theinclined frame, and the landside, all made or cast integral, incombination with the reversible mold-board and plow-point and thepivotal rod operated by a lever and passed over said shoe and secured tosaid plow-point, substantially as shown and described.

2. In a plow, the plow-beam having a vertical portion and aforwardly-projecting shoe, the pivotal tube or rod passed through saidvertical beam and over said shoe and operated by a lever, the plow-pointhaving its head connected to said rod, the mold-board, and the operatingmechanism, substantially as shown and described, whereby said plow-pointand mold-board can be reversed in under the plowbeam and over its shoe,as set forth.

3. The combination, with the plow-beam,

IIO

the pivotal tube or rod, and the reversible plow-point and mold-board,of the twopart crotch consisting of the long arm or member, the V-shapedpart or member pivoted at its lower end to said long arm or member, andthe sliding arm or bar pivoted near its upper end to said V-shaped partor member and connected by a projecting finger with said long arm,substantially as shown and described, whereby the mold-board and theplow-peint can be reversed and caused to occupy the same relativeposition on either side of the shoe and landside, as set forth.

4. The combination, with the beam, the reversible mold-board andplow-point, and the frame to which the landside is connected,of thetwo-part crotch, the sliding arm or bar, the spring-pressed lever,carrying a sliding finger, and the operating levers and wires, allarranged substantiall y as shown and described.

5. The combination, with the beam, the reversible mold-board andplowpoint, and the frame, of the two-part crotch, the sliding arm or barE, the lever G, carrying the sliding tinger at its upper end, the rodj', having a doglike projecting end, the lever H, and the tube or rod B,substantially .as shown and described.

6. The combination, with the beam and the reversible mold-bcard andplow-point, of the pivotal tube or rod havinga collared end projectingthrough the rear Wall of the plow-point head, the operating leverengaging with a toothed cam on said tube or rod, the supplementary levert', the wire connected thereto,

Athe spring-pressed lever G, having a sliding finger, the two-partcrotch having a sliding arm or bar, E, and the rod j, having a doglikeend, al1 arranged to operate substantiall y as shown and described.

7. The herein-described jointer, comprising the diamond-shapedreversible plate, the shaft or rod having a thickened plate, to whichsaid reversible plate is secured, the outer tube or cylinder having aset-screw working therein, the collar having a crank arm or finger, and

the V-shaped supporting-frame secured to the under side of said beam atabout its center, substantially as shown,and for the purpose set forth.

8. The combination, with the plow-beam, the V-shaped frame, and theoperating-lever, of the tube or cylinder carrying a collar having anapertured crank arm or finger, the jointer and its shaft, and thehorizontally-disposed wire rod having an arm provided with a balllikeend working in the aperturein said crank-arm, substantially' as shownand described.

9. The combination, with the beam, of the reversible plow-point andmold-board, the operatinglever, the horizontally-disposed rod on whichsaid lever is fulcrumed, the reversible jointer operated through theagency of au arm ofsaid rod, and theshifting'clevis, all arranged tooperate as and -for the purpose set forth, and constructedsilbstantially as shown and described.

10. The hereindescribed clevis, consisting of the pivoted aperturedpost, the oblong bar or plate having projecting apertured ears, thesliding hook having a. frictional'roll, and the stops provided withopposite inclined sides, all arranged substantially as shown anddescribed.

11. In a reversible plow, the combination, with the beam, the pivotedmold-board and plow-point, and the operating-lever, of the clevis havinga pivoted post provided with a crank or cam at its lower end, thesliding hook carrying a frictional roll, the inclined stops, and the rodconnected to said lever and having its forward bent end operating saidcrank or cam, substantially as shown, and for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereof I aiix my signatn re in presence of two witnesses.

MARQUIS J. TODD.

